b. Define primary and caucus. Discuss with students the purposes of primary elections. Have students research the history of the New Hampshire Primary and the Iowa Caucuses. Review list of candidates who have filed for each.

c. Discuss together:

• Why do candidates spend a substantial amount of time and campaign funds in the first primaries/caucuses?
• Why do campaigns gain or lose momentum during the primary season?
• Which candidates have received endorsements from other politicians, unions or from newspapers? Have any of these endorsements helped their campaigns, or have they gone unnoticed?
• Would you consider this method of choosing the party's nominee 'democratic'? Why or why not?

Step 2: Watch Video

Watch clips from the 2000 Decorah, Iowa caucus Clip 1 8 minutes   Clip 2 7 minutes Watch clips from the 2004 Adair, Iowa caucus Clip 1 2 minutes   Clip 2 3 minutes Clip 3 2 minutes   Clip 4 30 seconds

Watch clips from the 2000 New Hampshire primary Clip 1 3 minutes   Clip 2 2 minutes Watch clips from the 2004 New Hampshire primary Clip 1 6 minutes  Clip 2 2 minutes History of the New Hampshire primary Clip 1 1 minute

b. Discuss together:

• Why might a candidate drop out of the race? When should that decision be made?
• Which dates on the primary election/caucus chart seem to be the most important? Why?
• Which candidates' campaigns gained or lost momentum? Why?
• Did the actual outcome of the election conform with the state and local polls? Did it conform with your class or school polling? Why or why not?
• Do you think there should be so much emphasis put on the results of the Iowa caucus or New Hampshire primary? Why or why not?

c. Discuss together:

• Why do you think candidates _______________ and _______________ will win their party's nomination?

• Were the eventual nominees ahead throughout the campaign? If not, when did the nominees move ahead and why?