C-SPAN: LINCOLN 200 YEARS

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ScheduleTimelineVideoIn His Own WordsGallery

LINCOLN PICTURE GALLERY
INTRODUCTION by Harold Holzer, Lincoln Historian
The collection of the Lincoln Museum in Fort Wayne, Indiana, boasts one of the great visual archives of the life of Abraham Lincoln: photographs, paintings, prints, and statuary issued both during and after the 16th President's lifetime. When first produced, these images served to introduce the little-known frontier politician to America, assure a frightened country during the darkest days of Civil War, and later to establish the martyred President as the icon of American freedom and democracy.

Fortuitously, Lincoln and American image-making technology matured together. His political rise coincided with the introduction of the wet-plate photographic process, which allowed images to be reproduced in editions numbering in the tens of thousands. And the 1850s and 1860s also saw the widespread proliferation of affordable lithographic prints and the appearance and growing popularity of pictorial newspapers, their pages bulging with woodcuts depicting current events and celebrities. Lincoln came to dominate all these media. In time, his face became familiar to every American-admirers as well as opponents-and in many images, came to supplant the longstanding image of Uncle Sam (who previously resembled George Washington!) as the emblem of his country.

Few collections can claim the diversity or quality of the Lincoln Museum archive-which includes not only the last life portrait executed of the Great Emancipator, but also a vast array of prints, broadsides, textiles, tokens, and original photographs, notable among them the original Lincoln family album, the precious images that the Lincolns themselves collected and treasured during their lifetimes.

What is more, as Lincoln himself might have said, the Lincoln Museum's unparalleled collection seems "altogether fitting and proper." For when its original parent company-Lincoln National Insurance-sought an appropriate picture for a logo to launch the firm, it turned to none other than Robert T. Lincoln, the late President's sole surviving son, for permission. Robert not only agreed-but sent along a copy of one of the Mathew Brady photographs of February 9, 1864, which promptly became the company emblem. The images on this web page reflect some of what the Museum, in turn, has collected ever since.


Galleries: Photographs | Prints | Fine Art
PHOTOGRAPHS by Harold Holzer, Lincoln Historian
Lincoln, who sat for but one photograph before 1854, eventually grew into one of the most familiar and recognizable figures in America thanks in large part to the medium of photography. Though he is never known to have suggested that his own picture be taken-Victorian-era politicians traditionally had to be "importuned" into photograph galleries to protect their images of modesty-Lincoln posed often enough between 1860 and 1865 to trace his sad transformation from a robust 51-year-old presidential candidate, to a haggard, exhausted, and prematurely aged 56-year-old victim of an assassin's bullet. Instantaneous photography was still to be perfected-thus we have no close-up, clear photographs of Lincoln in action as an orator or commander-in-chief-but as President, he occasionally visited the galleries of Washington photographers like Mathew Brady and Alexander Gardner to sit for formal studio portraits at key moments of American history. Widely reproduced at the time in the new, small, carte de visite format, the results graced thousands of private photo albums in the 1860s (including the Lincolns' own), where for years they held places of honor for families torn apart by the Civil War.

 

PRINTS by Harold Holzer, Lincoln Historian
Abraham Lincoln and the American printmaking industry came of age together. Lincoln's rise coincided with the widespread proliferation of inexpensive lithographs, which made it possible for all Americans, regardless of income, to own and display prints of their heroes. By 1860, prints could be found holding pride of place in many such homes, rural and urban alike, where they had come to replace religious icons of old in places of honor above the hearthstone in family parlors. It is difficult to imagine an age in which portraits of politicians achieved such exalted status, but in the Lincoln era images were precious, and leaders often revered. Thus Lincoln became in his own lifetime-and much more so after his assassination-America's first household saint. The following examples from the Lincoln Museum collection show how engravings and lithographs introduced Lincoln to the American people as a log cabin-bred example of the American dream, and then redefined him over the next five years as a bearded statesman, great emancipator, and martyr of freedom.

   

FINE ART by Harold Holzer, Lincoln Historian
Though he often made fun of his own homely appearance, and declared himself a "very indifferent judge" of his portraits, Abraham Lincoln somehow managed to pose for artists and sculptures more often than one would expect. During his first campaign for the presidency, he willingly sat for painters assigned to make flattering likenesses, occasionally even posing for more than one at a time. He submitted to a painful wet-plaster process in order to facilitate the creation of a life mask. He allowed sculptors to take measurements of his head and mold his features in clay. And twice during the Civil War, Lincoln allowed artists to spend months at a time working in the White House on history paintings showing him as an emancipator. These painters functioned precisely as court artists of old who once lived and worked in European palaces to make flattering portraits of royalty. For a so-called "indifferent judge," Lincoln made certain that his likeness-and legacy-were widely reproduced in the fine arts.

   

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Abraham Lincoln: Great American Historians on Our Sixteenth President

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   INTRODUCTION
Watch Harold Holzer, Co-Chair & Sam Waterston, Advisory Committee Member, Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission.
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   LINCOLN BIO VIGNETTE
Watch C-SPAN's look into the birth, history and presidency of our 16th President, Abraham Lincoln.
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   LINCOLN RESOURCES >>
C-SPAN Resources
· American Presidents
 
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Featured Web Sites
· Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission
 
· Pres. Library & Museum
 
· Lincoln Home
 
· Lincoln Museum, IN
 
· Ford's Theater
 
· President Lincoln & Soldiers' Home National Monument
 
· Library & Museum, TN
 
· Abraham Lincoln's Classroom
 
· Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial
 
· A House Divided: The Civil War Era & Dickinson College
 
· Lincoln Home National Historic Site
 
Lincoln Organizations
· Looking for Lincoln
 
· Abraham Lincoln Association
 
· The Lincoln Forum
 
· Abraham Lincoln Institute
 
· The Lincoln Studies Center
 
· Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site
 
· Lincoln Boyhood Home Memorial
 
· Lincoln Home National Historic Site
 
· The White House
 
· Gettysburg National Military Park
 
· Ford's Theatre Nat'l Historic Site
 
· Lincoln Memorial
 
· Mount Rushmore National Memorial
 
· Mr. Lincoln's White House
 
Other Homes Related to the Lincoln Family
· Mary Todd Lincoln's Home
 
· Robert Lincoln's Hildene
 
Lincoln Museums, Libraries & Information Centers
· The Lincoln Museum, Ft. Wayne, IN
 
· Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
 
· The Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery
 
MORE LINCOLN RESOURCES >>

Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission